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Before looking at the different types of coaching it is important to know the meaning of this word that became popular when the economic crisis hit. According to ASESCO, the Asociación Española de Coaching, coaching is a process of personal and confidential training. It helps to cover the gap between the place the person is at the moment and the place they would like to be. In the relationship established during the process, the coach helps develop the person by raising their awareness, generating responsibility and building self-esteem (ASESCO- Asociación Española de Coaching).
We can also define coaching as an ongoing professional relationship, that helps to achieve extraordinary results (in the sense that they are not expected before the coaching process begins) in life, work or in a company or business. The coachee delves into his or her knowledge, expands his or her performance and improves his or her quality of life (ICF-International Coach Federation).
As we can see, it is a wide-ranging concept. However, to avoid confusion certain limits have been established in terms of the area of action. Working to develop a person is not the same thing as working with a management team. In terms of the area of action, we differentiate between the following types of coaching processes:
1. Personal
Also known as Life Coaching. This process puts the person at the centre of the intervention. Everyday aspects of the person are worked on, interpersonal relationships, professional career, personal objectives and family. This type of coaching pursues the person's welfare in the different areas of their life.
2. Organisational
It can be divided into two types: business coaching and executive coaching. Business coaching is addressed at organisations or companies in general. It includes such subjects as empowerment, time management, interpersonal staff relationships, productivity, customer satisfaction, team work, etc.
Executive coaching is normally directed at top executives. It deals with leadership development and explores management abilities and interpersonal communication, personal performance, etc. It is a process that focuses on the person within the company to bring their role into line with the company's needs.
3. Transformational
Transformational coaching is an evolution of traditional coaching that combines the tools of other disciplines, such as NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming). It works with the coachee's emotions and their corporality to develop a more complete understanding of themselves in order to "transform themselves" (to create new possibilities of action) and thus achieve their aims and personal aspirations.
4. Teams
With the process of team coaching, teams are accompanied in the development of their performance so that the joint result far outstrips the sum of their individual parts. Team coaching works with the team as a whole, to bring them into line and join their efforts to coordinate efficient action in line with the objectives of the organisation.
5. Sports
Sports coaching works mainly on developing the athlete's whole potential, focusing on motivational aspects, empowerment and self-confidence. In the case of injury, it helps with the recovery process.
Apart from the type of coaching process according to the area of action we can also classify coaching according to the method used during the sessions. For example, in terms of language and the reality this generates, working with questions to provoke changes means we are dealing with a process of ontological coaching.
If we consider the person as part of an interrelated system, we are dealing with a process of systemic coaching. If working on self-knowledge and emotional self-regulation as a base to achieve personal development and welfare, we are talking about EI coaching (Emotional Intelligence coaching). Or, if we are training cognitive functions, memory, learning, thought, among other things, we are dealing with cognitive coaching.
In short, work can be done with a single method or by combining different tools and methods. Whatever the type of coaching, you are always working to discover new possibilities and move on to action. The only requirement is motivation and commitment on behalf of the coachee.
We can also define coaching as an ongoing professional relationship, that helps to achieve extraordinary results (in the sense that they are not expected before the coaching process begins) in life, work or in a company or business. The coachee delves into his or her knowledge, expands his or her performance and improves his or her quality of life (ICF-International Coach Federation).
As we can see, it is a wide-ranging concept. However, to avoid confusion certain limits have been established in terms of the area of action. Working to develop a person is not the same thing as working with a management team. In terms of the area of action, we differentiate between the following types of coaching processes:
1. Personal
Also known as Life Coaching. This process puts the person at the centre of the intervention. Everyday aspects of the person are worked on, interpersonal relationships, professional career, personal objectives and family. This type of coaching pursues the person's welfare in the different areas of their life.
2. Organisational
It can be divided into two types: business coaching and executive coaching. Business coaching is addressed at organisations or companies in general. It includes such subjects as empowerment, time management, interpersonal staff relationships, productivity, customer satisfaction, team work, etc.
Executive coaching is normally directed at top executives. It deals with leadership development and explores management abilities and interpersonal communication, personal performance, etc. It is a process that focuses on the person within the company to bring their role into line with the company's needs.
3. Transformational
Transformational coaching is an evolution of traditional coaching that combines the tools of other disciplines, such as NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming). It works with the coachee's emotions and their corporality to develop a more complete understanding of themselves in order to "transform themselves" (to create new possibilities of action) and thus achieve their aims and personal aspirations.
4. Teams
With the process of team coaching, teams are accompanied in the development of their performance so that the joint result far outstrips the sum of their individual parts. Team coaching works with the team as a whole, to bring them into line and join their efforts to coordinate efficient action in line with the objectives of the organisation.
5. Sports
Sports coaching works mainly on developing the athlete's whole potential, focusing on motivational aspects, empowerment and self-confidence. In the case of injury, it helps with the recovery process.
Apart from the type of coaching process according to the area of action we can also classify coaching according to the method used during the sessions. For example, in terms of language and the reality this generates, working with questions to provoke changes means we are dealing with a process of ontological coaching.
If we consider the person as part of an interrelated system, we are dealing with a process of systemic coaching. If working on self-knowledge and emotional self-regulation as a base to achieve personal development and welfare, we are talking about EI coaching (Emotional Intelligence coaching). Or, if we are training cognitive functions, memory, learning, thought, among other things, we are dealing with cognitive coaching.
In short, work can be done with a single method or by combining different tools and methods. Whatever the type of coaching, you are always working to discover new possibilities and move on to action. The only requirement is motivation and commitment on behalf of the coachee.